June 2015
Space, secular stagnation, and the economic crisis
... NASA budget is about 0.46% of federal spending. In the Apollo programme’s peak year the $5.9 billion FY-1966 NASA budget was..., titanium, and other resources, first prospected by the Apollo crews, and turning them into spaceships for cargo and ...
March 2016
Mining outer space may be cool but is it legal?
... celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means. The Apollo Moon landings brought back 842 pounds of lunar material under strict NASA control NASA claims that...
April 2017
Surviving radiation for space colonisation
...will need to survive on the surface with little protection The Apollo astronauts, the only humans so far to travel outside of LEO,... received from about 1.6 mSv to 5.8 mSv - with Apollo 14 receiving 11.4 mSv from solar storms which occur when the...
November 2017
Radiation protection for space colonists and travellers
...’t normally harmful to us. A computer-generated visualisation of the Apollo 8 spacecraft in orbit around the Moon, with Earth rising...over the horizon. The thin metal shell of the Apollo capsules protected the astronauts from most types of radiation on...
