31 October 2016
Swarm constellation helps figure out why satellites lose their GPS signal
... - thunderstorms. These ‘thunderstorms’ appear in the ionosphere around 300–600 km above Earth, and Swarm data...has revealed a direct link between GPS blackouts and ionospheric thunderstorms. “Ionospheric thunderstorms are well known, but now we have...
26 January 2018
NASA launches GOLD to study Earth-space boundary
..., or GOLD mission. GOLD is set to investigate the ionosphere and thermosphere layers in Earth’s upper atmosphere, where they ... changes by location and how these neutral gases shape ionospheric conditions. "For years, we've studied Earth's upper ...
27 July 2018
A pool of liquid water found under Mars' south pole
... radar signals through underground layers of ice, researchers using the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding instrument, MARSIS, onboard Mars Express have detected the previously undetectable; a particularly bright radar...
28 September 2020
String of underground lakes found under Mars' South Pole
... planetary neighbour for the past 17 years. In July 2018, its Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARIS) instrument helped scientists reinvigorate the debate about just how wet Mars might have...
January 2018
Shielding the human genome
...radiation will make long-duration manned missions beyond Earth’s ionosphere dangerous and, in some worst-case scenarios, lead .... Given the naturally protective shielding afforded by Earth’s ionosphere, the human body has never been forced to develop...
May 2021
Forecasting space-weather effects on Earth
...rest originates from magnetised crustal rocks and currents in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. The Earth acts like a giant spherical ... - Real Time (HDGM-RT) accounts for the crustal, ionospheric and solar-wind induced magnetic fields, in addition to ...
