... and flares, known as coronal mass ejections. Changes in Earth’s magnetosphere which result in the destruction of the protective shield that could deflect coronal mass ejections. Potentially dangerous asteroids and comets, which could lead to mass...
... [HETs], as embodied by the commercial HET (BPT-4000) [5], and the 12.5 kW HET (Hall Effect Rocket with Magnetic Shielding, or HERMeS) under co-development by NASA and JPL for the Solar Electric Propulsion Technology Demonstration Mission (SEP...
... in cis-lunar space or on a subsequent mission to Mars. Planning ahead for sufficient residual propellant provides some radiation shielding for the return journey, allows for recovery of MBC elements, and provides additional options for mission...
... is in its pilot-phase. Located in a very specific corner on the Ross ice-shelf with pure ice and shielded by mighty trans-Antarctic mountains from the nearest research stations, nine stations are currently in operation to test...
... need to maintain an equal pace. It reminds me of the lasting historical struggle between artillery on the one hand and shielding on the other. When one innovated, the other had to adjust, and vice versa. Having an imbalanced relationship...
... that the greatest risk posed to spacecraft is from objects in the 2 to 3 mm range. For debris objects below 1 mm, shielding and good design can normally provide a successful defence. So, from a satellite perspective a ‘bad’ conjunction is one with...