... fully substantiated. If confirmed to the true, Europa would be the second moon in the solar system known to have water vapour plumes. The other is Saturn's moon Enceladus, which In 2005, was detected by NASA's Cassini orbiter to produce jets...
... and sulphur. From these current observations researchers have determined that nearly 98 percent of the gas in the plume is water, about 1 percent is hydrogen and the rest is a mixture of other molecules including carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia...
... showed that ultraviolet emissions from the moon's atmosphere were consistent with two 200 kilometre-high plumes of water vapour, it seemed a new window had opened up in which to study the moon’s interior without having to land on its surface...
... Wieser, Peter Wurz, Norbert Krupp, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier and Bert Vermeersen. “On the in-situ detectability of Europa’s water vapour plumes from a flyby mission” 2017. Icarus, volume 289. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.10.026 Lorenz Roth, Joachim...
... shell, plans to visit the ice world to search for life were pushed to the forefront. And when water-vapour plumes shooting out from the bottom of canyons on the moon’s south pole were discovered by the Cassini spacecraft...