October 2025
Satellite technology - from operational challenges to strategic opportunities
Whether designed for communications, positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) or remote sensing, a satellite’s mission dictates critical decisions regarding size, structure, power supply, sensor payloads and orbital configurations. In this article, ...
January 2023
China’s space ambitions fuel defence spending and global innovation
...launch. SATCOM: integrate communications across the US Department of Defense to form the combat cloud, layer Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) services onto every communications slink, develop laser communication system, develop V/W band radio...
November 2017
Managing air and space traffic from orbit
...) programme of the EU. The use of GNSS in space has also been of interest to scientists. GNSS-based positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) is used on the International Space Station (ISS) at a height of about 400 km above Earth’s surface to meet...
October 2019
Space-based cybersecurity challenges for NATO
... capabilities that have the potential to be used in support of military applications. Space-dependent capabilities Position, navigation and timing (PNT) is a vital part of any military operation, providing forces with the necessary means to conduct...
December 2021
The rise of the UK space economy
... focused on delivery. Britain’s separation from the European Union, ‘Brexit’, and the challenges around access to Galileo and positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services, have added impetus to the development of an independent capability for...
