March 2016
Space industrialisation needs balanced legal and policy approach
... ‘by means of use or occupation, or by any other means’, [18] then these activities would stand in stark opposition to decades of legal protection for the space environment. In contrast, the United States seems to be operating under the notion that...
March 2016
Mining outer space may be cool but is it legal?
...scholars strove to focus debate on these issues before widespread development of outer space could establish customary international legal precedent that carried national conflicts into space. [6] Even before humans left the surface of Earth, lawyers...
April 2021
Managing the Moon - a model for engaging with planetary environments
... surface photographed by Apollo 10 astronauts in May 1969. Legal governance The Moon is more than the driver of Earth...Industry 4.0 and the new Space Race, discussions about the legal governance of nature in space are vitally important. Many sovereign ...
May 2017
Future space applications and their regulatory needs
... practical decisionmaking and conflict resolution Existing space legal structures, including liability, must be reconsidered .... We need new ideas, new technologies, new markets, new legal and policy structures, and new ways of cooperating. The future ...
August 2021
AI in space – a legal perspective
..., please see Anne-Sophie Martin and Steven Freeland, ‘The Advent of Artificial Intelligence in Space Activities: New Legal Challenges’ (2021) 55 Space Policy 101408. About the authors Steven Freeland is Emeritus Professor at Western Sydney University...
October 2025
High-altitude platforms - the search for an optimised legal framework
... sanctions for Iran’s breach of obligations under the 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Any meaningful HAO legal framework will therefore inevitably depend on geopolitical pragmatism The weaknesses of such measures include that acceptance of ICJ...
